Economia: Journal of Economics and Management

Zakat–Waqf Synergy in Islamic Social Finance: The Indonesian Model and Sustainable Development

2026-02-05T10:15:26+07:00

This article analyzes the synergy between zakat and waqf within the framework of Islamic Social Finance (ISF) in Indonesia as a human-centered and value-based model of sustainable development. Departing from fragmented Islamic philanthropy approaches, this study positions zakat and waqf as complementary instruments within a unified social finance ecosystem: zakat functions as a short-term redistributive mechanism to maintain livelihoods and social justice, while waqf provides long-term social financing through productive asset management. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature review and policy analysis, this study examines maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, ISF practices, and their integration with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The findings show that the effectiveness of zakat–waqf synergy in Indonesia is shaped not only by institutional structures but also by local wisdom, including mutual cooperation, mosques, Islamic boarding schools, and community philanthropy traditions as forms of social capital. This synergy strengthens ISF as a pillar of sustainable, inclusive, and equitable Islamic development. This article contributes by formulating a conceptual framework for zakat–waqf synergy grounded in maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and Indonesian local wisdom, offering relevance both for the national context and as a reference model for other Muslim societies.

Implementasi Kepatuhan Syariah dalam Pengelolaan Hotel Syariah: Studi Wawancara terhadap Manajer dan Konsultan Industri

2026-02-05T10:20:15+07:00

The Islamic hospitality industry has experienced rapid growth over the past decade, in line with the expansion of global halal tourism. However, the practice of Shariah compliance among Shariah-compliant hotels continues to face challenges, particularly in terms of policy implementation, monitoring, and standardisation. This study aims to explore Shariah compliance practices in the management of Shariah-compliant hotels in Malaysia using a qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews involving hotel managers and industry consultants with extensive experience in operational management and Shariah-related aspects. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the collected data. The findings reveal three main themes in Shariah compliance practices: (1) the implementation of Shariah policies and guidelines, (2) human resource and training challenges, and (3) the need for continuous monitoring and auditing. The study also identifies the need for comprehensive Shariah standard operating procedures (SOPs) as well as technological support to ensure consistent compliance monitoring. This research contributes to the existing literature on Islamic hotel management and provides practical guidance for hotel management and relevant authorities in enhancing a more effective and sustainable Shariah compliance system.

Abstrak

Industri perhotelan Islam mengalami pertumbuhan pesat dalam dekade terakhir, seiring dengan perkembangan pariwisata halal global. Namun, praktik kepatuhan syariah di kalangan hotel syariah masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, khususnya dalam aspek implementasi kebijakan, pemantauan, dan standardisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi praktik kepatuhan syariah dalam pengelolaan hotel syariah di Malaysia melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur yang melibatkan manajer hotel dan konsultan industri yang berpengalaman dalam manajemen operasional serta aspek-aspek kesyariahan. Analisis tematik digunakan untuk mengkaji data yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya tiga tema utama dalam praktik kepatuhan syariah, yaitu: (1) implementasi kebijakan dan pedoman syariah, (2) tantangan sumber daya manusia dan pelatihan, serta (3) kebutuhan akan pemantauan dan audit berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi perlunya standar operasional prosedur (SOP) syariah yang komprehensif serta dukungan teknologi untuk memastikan pemantauan kepatuhan yang konsisten. Studi ini berkontribusi terhadap literatur yang ada dalam bidang pengelolaan hotel Islam dan memberikan panduan praktis bagi manajemen hotel serta otoritas terkait dalam meningkatkan sistem kepatuhan syariah yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan.

Performance of Shariah Contracts in Islamic Banking: A Bibliometric Analysis

2026-02-05T10:10:40+07:00

This study aims to systematically review and visualise the intellectual structure and research landscape concerning the performance of Shariah contracts in Islamic banking, addressing existing gaps in comprehensive bibliometric mapping across major contract types. It seeks to identify key themes, influential contributors, and citation patterns to provide a framework for future empirical and theoretical research. The research employed a quantitative bibliometric analysis using data sourced from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. A total of 499 publications spanning from 1996 to 2025 were analysed after a rigorous deduplication process using ScientoPy. The study utilised VOSviewer and ScientoPy software tools to visualise publication growth, keyword co-occurrences, and collaborative networks. The findings reveal a significant and sustained increase in research output, particularly peaking between 2024 and 2025. Malaysia emerges as the leading contributor, with the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) ranking as the top institution. Thematic analysis indicates a shift from general comparative studies to specific instruments like Sukuk and Musharakah, with emerging trends focusing on financial stability, Islamic Social Finance, and the integration of Fintech, such as Blockchain.

Model Tata Kelola Zakat Produktif Holistik Berbasis Good Community Engagement

2026-02-05T10:21:30+07:00

Productive zakat is a strategic instrument for transformative and long-term economic empowerment, requiring governance grounded in transparency, participation, and sustainability. Kampung Zakat BAZNAS Bondowoso and Kampung SDGs BAZNAS Jember illustrate community-based zakat practices; however, a systematic and contextual governance model is still needed to support the transformation of mustahik into muzakki and to strengthen the Ber-ISI values—intellectuality, spirituality, and integrity. This study aims to develop a holistic productive zakat governance model based on Good Community Engagement (GCE) to enhance the effectiveness of zakat distribution and community empowerment. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation analysis. The study examines five core GCE pillars: participation, accountability, transparency, inclusivity, and sustainability. The findings demonstrate that integrating GCE principles with a holistic productive zakat approach produces governance that is not only efficient and effective but also empowers communities economically, socially, intellectually, and spiritually. This model offers a policy framework for zakat management that is community-rooted rather than solely institution-centered.

Abstrak

Zakat produktif merupakan instrumen strategis dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi umat yang berorientasi transformasi jangka panjang, sehingga menuntut tata kelola yang transparan, partisipatif, dan berkelanjutan. Kampung Zakat BAZNAS Bondowoso dan Kampung SDGs BAZNAS Jember merepresentasikan praktik zakat berbasis komunitas, namun masih memerlukan model tata kelola yang sistematis dan kontekstual untuk mendorong transformasi mustahik menjadi muzaki serta penguatan kualitas Ber-ISI (intelektualitas, spiritualitas, dan integritas). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model tata kelola zakat produktif holistik berbasis Good Community Engagement (GCE) guna meningkatkan efektivitas distribusi zakat dan pemberdayaan mustahik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara tematik dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi prinsip GCE—partisipasi, akuntabilitas, transparansi, inklusivitas, dan keberlanjutan—dengan pendekatan zakat produktif holistik membentuk tata kelola yang efektif, efisien, dan berorientasi pada pemberdayaan ekonomi, sosial, spiritual, dan intelektual masyarakat. Model ini menawarkan formulasi kebijakan pengelolaan zakat yang berakar pada kekuatan komunitas lokal, bukan semata pendekatan kelembagaan.

Relevansi Konsep Harta Isti’mali dalam Ekonomi Islam Kontemporer

2026-02-05T13:59:03+07:00

This article examines the relevance of the concept of harta isti’mali in contemporary Islamic economics as a normative framework for individual wealth management. Harta isti’mali is understood as wealth owned to fulfill personal and household needs, rather than for commercial or profit-oriented productive activities. This study employs a qualitative approach with a normative-conceptual library research design, based on the analysis of classical fiqh sources, contemporary Islamic economic thought, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that the classification of wealth in Islam is not determined by the physical form of assets, but by their function, purpose of use, and orientation of utilization. In the context of modern economic life, the blurring of boundaries between needs and desires, as well as the transformation of asset functions, generates significant ethical and legal implications, particularly in relation to consumption ethics and zakat obligations. The concept of harta isti’mali plays a strategic role as an ethical instrument in shaping moderate, just, and sustainable Islamic economic practices. The revitalization of this concept is essential to align Muslim economic behavior with the objectives of maqasid al-shariah in responding to contemporary economic dynamics.

Abstrak

Artikel ini mengkaji relevansi konsep harta isti’mali dalam konteks ekonomi Islam kontemporer sebagai kerangka normatif dalam pengelolaan kekayaan individu. Harta isti’mali dipahami sebagai harta yang dimiliki untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pribadi dan rumah tangga, bukan untuk tujuan komersial atau aktivitas produktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain penelitian kepustakaan (library research) yang bersifat normatif-konseptual, melalui analisis terhadap sumber-sumber fikih klasik, pemikiran ekonomi Islam kontemporer, serta literatur akademik yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa klasifikasi harta dalam Islam tidak ditentukan oleh bentuk fisik aset, melainkan oleh fungsi, tujuan pemanfaatan, dan orientasi penggunaannya. Dalam konteks ekonomi modern, kaburnya batas antara kebutuhan dan keinginan serta perubahan fungsi harta menimbulkan implikasi etis dan hukum, khususnya terkait etika konsumsi dan kewajiban zakat. Konsep harta isti’mali memiliki peran strategis sebagai instrumen etis untuk membangun praktik ekonomi Islam yang moderat, berkeadilan, dan berkelanjutan. Revitalisasi konsep ini penting untuk menyelaraskan perilaku ekonomi individu Muslim dengan tujuan maqasid al-shariah dalam menghadapi dinamika ekonomi kontemporer.